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Wikipedia - Gemfibrozil

Gemfibrozil
Systematic (IUPAC) name

5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethyl-pentanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	25812-30-0
ATC code	C10AB04
PubChem	3463
DrugBank	APRD00293
ChemSpider	3345
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₅H₂₂O₃
Mol. mass	250.333 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	Close to 100%
Protein binding	95%
Metabolism	Hepatic (CYP3A4)
Half life	1.5 hours
Excretion	Renal 94% Feces 6%
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	Category C
Legal status	By Prescription
Routes	Oral
Y(what is this?) (verify)

Gemfibrozil is the generic name for an oral drug used to lower lipid levels. It belongs to a group of drugs known as fibrates. It is most commonly sold as the brand name, Lopid. Other brand names include Jezil and Gen-Fibro.

1 Actions
2 Therapeutic effects
3 Nontherapeutic effects and toxicities
4 Indications
5 Contraindications and Precautions
6 Drug Interactions
7 External links

[edit] Actions

Increases activity of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARa) 'transcription factor ligand' , a receptor which is involved in metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, as well as adipose tissue differentiation. This increase in the synthesis of lipoprotein lipase thereby increases the clearance of triglycerides.

[edit] Therapeutic effects

Reduce triglyceride levels
Reduce Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels
Modest reduction of Low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels
Moderate increase in High density lipoprotein (HDL) levels

[edit] Nontherapeutic effects and toxicities

GI distress
Musculoskeletal pain
Increased incidence of gallstone
Hypokalemia
Increased risk of cancer [1]

[edit] Indications

Hyperlipidemia (Type III): Gemfibrozil is the drug of choice for therapy.
Hypertriglyceridemia (Type IV): Gemfibrozil, though not as effective as niacin, is better tolerated.

[edit] Contraindications and Precautions

Gemfibrozil should not be given to these patients:
- Hepatic dysfunction
- Renal dysfunction

Gemfibrozil should be used with caution in these higher risk categories:
- Biliary Tract Disease
- Pregnant women
- Obese patients
- Native Americans

[edit] Drug Interactions

Anticoagulants: Gemfibrozil potentiates the action of coumadin and indanedione anticoagulants.
Statin drugs: Concomitant administration of fibrates (including gemfibrozil) with statin drugs increases the risk of muscle cramping, myopathy, and rhabdomyolysis.

[edit] External links

Lipid modifying agents (C10)

GI tract

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor, NPC1L1	Ezetimibe • SCH-48461

Bile acid sequestrants/resins (LDL)	Cholestyramine • Colestipol • Colestilan • Colextran • Colesevelam

Liver

Statins (HMG-CoA reductase, LDL)	Simvastatin^# • Atorvastatin • Fluvastatin • Lovastatin • Mevastatin • Pitavastatin • Pravastatin • Rosuvastatin • Cerivastatin^‡

Niacin and derivatives (HDL and LDL)	Niceritrol • Niacin • Nicofuranose • Aluminium nicotinate • Nicotinyl alcohol • Acipimox

Blood vessels

Fibrates (PPAR)	Clofibrate^‡ • Bezafibrate • Aluminium clofibrate • Gemfibrozil • Fenofibrate • Simfibrate • Ronifibrate • Ciprofibrate • Etofibrate • Clofibride • Clinofibrate

CETP inhibitors (HDL)	Anacetrapib^† • Torcetrapib^§ • JTT-705

Combinations

Niacin/lovastatin • Niacin/simvastatin • Ezetimibe/simvastatin • Niacin/laropiprant

Other

Dextrothyroxine • Probucol • Tiadenol • Benfluorex • Meglutol • Omega-3-triglycerides • Magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate • Policosanol • Lapaquistat^§ • Alipogene tiparvovec

^#WHO-EM. ^‡Withdrawn from market. CLINICAL TRIALS: ^†Phase III. ^§Never to phase III

Retrieved from "http://baycol.legalview.info/wikipedia/Gemfibrozil/"

Categories: Fibrates | Phenol ethers

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Gemfibrozil".

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Wikipedia - Gemfibrozil

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